Honourary Non-moth Post: The Peanut-head Lanternfly

Honourary non-moth post: the peanut-head lanternfly

Sometimes mistakenly called the peanut-head moth, these little fellas are part of the order Hemiptera (true bugs) family Fulgoridae (fulgorid planthoppers).

"But why," you may ask, "are they called peanut-heads?" Let me show you.

Goofy fella #1

Goofy fella #2

These ridiculous false heads are shared by both males and females, so it's not a result of sexual selection. It's theorized that it's to avoid them getting their actual heads bitten off, which if you look at a closeup, is behind the false one:

Oh and btw. Even though they're called lanternflies they don't actually glow in the dark. And Costa Ricans believe they're poisonous and if you get bitten by them you have to have sex at least within the next 24 hours, and by some accounts, immediately.

They are distributed across tropical Mexico, Central and South America. And yeah they're just really strange and cool.

fuzzy silk moth

Hey whats up my darlinks (read in old russian woman voice) I've been editing my old posts for clarity and also, in the case of this particular post, for misinformation. Not to worry, the whole thing isn't bs but I simply changed the largest saturniid moth from the hercules moth to the atlas moth, and adjusted the wingspan of the atlas moth to reflect that. As they say on this hellsite: "you are not immune to propaganda" so yeah my silly goofy ass may have believed a source I shouldn't have.

(also tomorrow I'm adding image sources where i left them out)

Saturniid Moths

(aka those moths with the eyes)

Moths from the Saturniidae family are probably the most well known moth species around. This family has approximately 1500 species distributed worldwide, although they're more common in tropical areas. They have these fake eyes that they don't display when at rest, but when disturbed, they flap their wings, displaying eyes made to mimic owl or snake eyes, and that gives them enough time to escape their predators. These eyes are easily their most recognizable feature. They also have very large wings, the largest saturniid has a wingspan of up to 30 cm (but we'll talk about that later). They are mostly nocturnal, and easily attracted to light, although some are diurnal. Adults cannot eat because their mouthparts don't function. In some places, their caterpillars (like the mopane worm) are eaten.

Check out this interesting diagram of Saturniidae moth sizes in Indiana. It should give a general idea of how big most Saturniidae are.

Some iconic saturniids include:

The Io moth (Automeris io)

These guys are sexually dimorphic, the male is the yellow one the female is the brown one above it. They have unusually large eyespots even for saturniids. They are distributed across Canada, the US and Mexico.

The Luna moth (Actias luna)

Pictured here is a male luna moth, luna moths are sexually dimorphic and the females look similar although more triangular in shape. Fun fact: the 'tails' on their wings are there to help reduce predation as bats will chomp on them instead of, for example, a main part of their wing which may prevent them from flying and/or enable the bat to have better grip on them and just eat them. Distributed across the US and Canada.

The Atlas moth (Attacus atlas)

As you can see, these guys are pretty big. Their wingspan can be up to 30 cm wide. Fun fact: their cocoons are so strong they are sometimes used as purses. Distributed across China, India, Malaysia and Indonesia.

Hercules moth (Coscinocera hercules)

VERY VERY BIG. The females have the biggest wing surface area (300 square cm) of all extant insects. They have a rather large wingspan as well, around 27 cm. The caterpillars can sometimes take more than a year to metamorphose. Native to Northern Australia and New Guinea.

Sources:

Saturniid moth

Family saturniidae

Cool study on moth diversity in Mexico

Io moth

Luna moth

Largest moth

Spotlight: the atlas moth

Hercules moth

Moths with larger hindwings and longer tails are best at deflecting bats (very interesting read)

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Moths?

Moths? Moths. Moths moths moths :)

Poodle moth doodle (not the free-use bookmark)