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Osteoporosis, affecting over a third of women aged 50 and above and 200 million people globally, is a major health concern with potential annual costs exceeding $25 billion by 2025. A recent study in Nature Communications links osteoporosis to the gut bacteria Bacteroides vulgatus, which suppresses the production of valeric acid. This short-chain fatty acid is essential for maintaining bone density, and its reduction may contribute to increased bone resorption, leading to brittle bones and osteoporosis.

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